Gas producer



' March 15, 1932. E 1,849,279

GAS rnonucsa Filed Aug; 9. 1927 2 Sheet-Sheet 2 DUEJEIDDU DEBUG]:

Patented Mar. 15, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT- OFFICE;

ROBERT MARIE ALBERT ERNEST C'EZANNE, OF NEUILLY-SUR-SEINE, FRANCE, AS- 1 SIGN OR TO SOCIETE DAPPLICATION DU GAZ AUX MOTEURS s. A. G. A. m", or corm- BEVOIE, FRANCE, A COMPANY OF FRANCE GAS PRODUCER Application filed August 9, 1927, Serial No. 211,801, and in France August 13, 1926.

The present invention relates to improvements in gas producers and more particularly in gas producers of the down-draft type.

The invention has for main objects:

1.-The reduction of tars by means of improvements based on the following phenomena:

(a) When a hot gas loaded with tar is caused to pass in a medium which divides it and is raised to a high temperature, the tar is reduced, if an injection of air is effected in the gas,

(6) When air is injected in a combustible gas at a very high temperature, a portion of this gas burns by producing a very hot flame.

' 2.-The elimination of dust.

3.The elimination of liquid condensates.

4.The cooling of the gas.

Another object of the invention is to construct a simple gas producer the parts of which liable to become foul are easily detachable. Another object of the invention is to construct a device for controlling and regulating the admission of the gases to an engine. A further object of the invention is to con struct a device for evacuating the condensation liquids.

The accompanying drawings disclose, by way of illustrationonly, the preferred form of construction ofagasproducer using wood or other fuel and provided with the improvements such as above characterized.

Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view through a gas producer constructed in accordance with the invention.

Figs. 2 and 3 are horizontal sectional views on lines 2-2 and 33 of Fig. 1, respectively.

Fig.4 is an enlarged vertical sectional view through one of the air-conducting tubes.

In the example illustrated, the gas producer is constituted by a gas generating chamber 1' provided with a refractory lining 2. This gas producer is of the down-draft type: it is provided at its upper part with a sheet-iron vessel in which is placed the fuel, such as wood. Through a grate 4,'arranged at the lower part of the gas generating chamber. passes the ashes from the distilled wood and the gases arising from this distillation. The lower part of the gas producer forms an ash pit 5, the bottom of which is movable for facilitating the removal of the ashes. The

paths followed by the air for combustion and by the gases produced by the distillation of t the wood are indicated by arrows. The vessel 3,the lower part, of which is in the shape of an inverted frustum, communicates with the gas generating chamber 1 and 1s closed at its upper part by a sheet-iron cover 6 provided with locking bolts 7 to the ends of which are secured operating knobs 8. The bolts 7 fit in notches 11 in members 10, said notches having inclined ends 9. The members 10 are secured by rivetting, soldering or the like to the upper part of the side faces of'the vessel 3. It Will be readily understood thatthe opening or closing of the vessel 3 is effected by rotation of the cover 6. This rotation is obtained by acting 'on the knobs 8 and permits engagement or disengagement of the locking bolts 7 with or from the members 10. An adjustable air intake is provided in the central portion of the cover 6 which, for that purpose, is provided with perforations 12. The air admitted in the gas producer through a perforation 12 is controlled by a bell 13..

Slidingly mounted on a rod 14, soldered at its lower part on the plug or cover 6. The bell 13 is urged upwardly by a spring 15 taking a bearing, on the one hand, on the cover 6 and, on the other hand. on the bell 13. The desired position of the bell 13 on the rod 14 is 7 obtained by means of an adjusting nut 16 screwed on the free end of the rod 14, which is screw threaded for that purpose. Ignition plugs 17 are screwed on tubes 18 rigid.

with the vessel 3. The tubes 18 permit the introduction in the vessel 3 of ignited twigs adapted to light the gas producer. Nozzles I I 19 open in the gas producer at thelevel ofthe section lines VI-VI and VII-VII. These 1 1 nozzl s are provided with a calibrated hole 20 which communicates with an annular space 21 j in whichopens tube 22 communicating with the surrounding air. This tube 22, bent at right angles near its base, freely communicates at its lower part with the atmosphere.

The lower part 22a of the tube 22 is provided 'with a flange 23 which extends in a recess 24 formed within the side'faces of a drum 25.

' A packing 27 of asbestos or like material is interposed between the flange 23 and the bottom of the recess 24 which is perforated at 26 for putting the tube 22 in communication with the atmosphere. The pressure exerted by the fiange23 on the asbestos or like packing 27, is obtainedby a resiliently distortable member, such as a spring 28, secured on the tube 22, and bearing against the outer sheet-iron plate 1 of the gas producing chamber. It is obvious that the number and the arrangement of the nozzles 19 and tubes 22 can be varied. The air inlet orifices 26 are controlled by a ring or crown 29, provided with perforations 30 which can be brought opposite the perforations 26 of the drum 25. The crown 29, movable in rotation, is actuated by any suitable means, such for instance as an arm 31. The latter, rigid at one of its ends with the crown 29,passes through a port 32 formed in the protecting sheet-iron plate 33 surrounding the central portion of the gas producer. The sheet-iron wall 1 and the refractory coating 2 of the gas producing chamber, rest on the bottom 34 of the drum 25. An angle iron 35 renders the sheet-iron wall'1 rigid with the bottom 34 which is provided-in its central region with a removable grate 36 of any suitable shape. The drum 25 takes a bearing on an annular box 37 the central region of which forms an ash-pit 38. The latter is provided with a movable bottom 39 and a fixed bottom 40 in which are formed perforations 41 permitting the evacuation of the residue by acting on an operating arm 42 rigid with the movable bottom 39. The arrangement of the perforations 41 is such that it is possible to obtain, by a suitable position of the movable bottom 39, the complete closing of perforations 41. The movable bottom 39, which might be slidable is, in the example shown pivoted on an axis 43 integral with the fixed bottom 40 of the ash-pit 38. The latter is used as a chamber for the reception and expansion of the gases. Ports 43 providedin the side wall of the ash pit put the latter in communication with the annular box 37 provided, in the region of the ports 43, with a chamber 44. The gas passes through the perforations 44a, then through refractory materials 37a arranged in the annular box 37.

v as indicated in Fig. 9, and in which the gas The dot and dash lines, is preheated by the side walls of the gas generating chamber 1. The gases are evacuated through the pipe line 48 which communicates, on the one hand, with the crown 37 and, on the other hand, with a dust-removing device (not shown) through the medium of a pipe line 50.

The form of construction described and illustrated, owing to the arrangement of the expansion chamber 38 near the gas generating chamber, permits a first purification of the gas by utilization of the radiating heat of the gas generating chamber. It is possible, for instance, before or after the reduction of the tar, to compel the gases to pass through conduits arranged near the gas generatingv chamber or provided in the refractory coating of the latter in order to obtain a purifica tion by utilization of the radiating'heat of the gas generating chamber as just stated.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a down draft gas producer, in combination; a producer gas generating chamber, a grate at the lower end of the gas gen-- erating chamber, an ash pit below the grate, an annular chamber surrounding the ash pit, perforated radial partitions to divide the said annular chamber into four compartments communicating with one another, a communicating perforated plate between the said collector and one of the compartments of the said annular chamber, means for admitting into the said last named compartment'air preheated to a temperature sufficient to produce ignition of the gases and a partial combustion thereof in the neighborhood of the air inlets and to bring the said gases in the said compartment to a high temperature, refractory subdivided materials arranged in the two compartments adjacent to the said last named compartment, and a fourth compartment arranged between said compartments receiving the refractory material, to discharge the purified gases.

2. Ina down draft gas producer, in combination; a producer gas generating chamber, a grate at the lower end of the gas generating chamber, an ash pit below the ate,

an annular chamber surrounding the as pit,

perforated radial partitions to divide the said chamberinto four compartments communicating with one another, a communicating perforated plate between the said collector and one of the compartments of the said chamber, one partition of the said last named compartment comprising at least one perforation to admit into said compartment air reheated to a temperature sufiicient to pro uce ignition of the gases and a partial combustion of said gases entering said compartment through said grate, to bring said gases to a high temperature," refractory subdivided materials arranged in the two compartments adjacent to said last named compartment, to form circulation paths for the said at h temperature and to produce uction of e tars, and a fourth compartment arran between the two compartments contaimng the refractory material to discharge the purified ases. g In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

ROBERT [A]!!! Auu'r ERNEST cmm 

